Balancing machine



'1.625.259 G. T. JoHNsoN BALANCING MAcHiNE Filed sept.1. 1920 4 sums-sheet 1 km @s k wm mwvmw@ H J. wmv %Q% MhNHKNN Wm. NQMQNN EN G. T. JOHNSON BALANCING- MACHINE Filed sept. 1. 1920 April 19, 1927.

4 Sheets-Sheet 2 4 sheets-sheet s A @mi G. T. JOHNSON BALANCING MACHINE Filed Sept. 1, 1920 April v19,1927.

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April 19, 1927.

`G. T. JOHNSON BALANCING MCHINE Filed septfl. 1920 4 sheets-sheet 4.

' Patented Apr. 19, 1927,

UNITED .STATES GUsTAvE fr. JOHNSON, oF cnroaeo, ILLINOIS.

BALANCING MACHINE.

application mea stimmte: 1, 1920. serial No. 401,431.

My invention relates to'machines forasvce1-taining thev amounts and positions of weights necessary to be added to or re' moved from an unbalanced revolublebody to put it in dynamicbalance, and preferably also at the same time in static balance. To

this end a machine embodying the invention' time will be extremely sensitive andaccurate inthe work which it performs.' To reach this result I employ what I believe to be lan entirely new principle in machines of this character.- Namely, I use a pendulum-structure yand subject the same action or impulses of the unbalanced weight of the body being tested in suchl a way that theyset up and increasingly augment the vib rations or oscillations of the pendulumappliance, whereby an extremely small unbalanced weight may be\detectedbecause of its cumulative eect on'the pendulum. coidingly,

l* at a speed in synchronism or harmony with the natural period of vibration or oscillation of the pendulum, so that the repeated influences ofthe weight onthe pendulum in time set up av substantial vibration. of the latter which may be easily detected and the cause remedied.

The action of the pendulum-structure is in no substantial respect dependent uponor l influenced by the weight of the body subdency to wabbly jected to the test and accordingly this type of machineis far superior to those using one or more springs wherein the period of vibration of the "spring varies with the weight imposed upon it;

In the newappliance of this invention the i body undergoing test 1s mountedso that its opposite ends are free to wabbleor gyrate independently ends are balanced to neutralizel such tengitudinalfcenter around which the unbal.

' anced weights of the to the periodic r Acthe unbalanced bodyv is rotated' of one another and the two and 33 carry movement.' AlsoA the lons body tend to turn is ascertained and employed in determining .theamounts and positions of the weights to vbe added to or removed from the body to balance it.

Many other features of the invention and their various advantages will be made plain from the following preferred embodlment of the invention which is illustrated' in the accompanying drawings 'forming a part of this specification and. throughout the several views of which like reference characters refer to the same parts.

In these drawings:

Figure 1 is a plan view of the appliance;;

Figure 2 is a front elevation of the same with lparts broken away; v

Figure 3 is a longitudinal, central, vertical sectionthrough the right-hand balancing mechanism detailed description of a Figure 4 is a fragmentary detail of two slotted sleeves and the'shaft on which they aremounted;

Figure 5 is a transverse section on an enlarged scale throughone of the pendulum lstructures on line 5-5 of Figure3;

Figure 6 is any enlarged section through one of the test weight appliances;

Figure 7 is a horizontal fragmentary section showing the vibratory flat bar sub- 'jected tothe oscillatory movements of the two pendulum systems;

Figure 8 shows partl in elevation and partly in section the drlvemechanism and its speed control;

Figure 9 illustrates the sliding rack used to adjust the test weights;

Figure l10 is an enlarged end view of the same; and

Figure 11 is a development of the graduated surfaces of the companion members carrying such weights.

Referring to these drawings, it will be seen'that the improved and novel 4appliance comprises an elongated frame 30 (Figure 2) having a casting 31 fastened thereon at its right-hand end, the other end of the frame having. opposed longitudinal guides 32, 32 `(Figure 1)` on which a slide or carriage 33 is lengthwise adjustable by means described in detail hereinafter. a These two parts 31 centers 34, 34 (Figures1,`2 and 3) on` which the body 36, such as anV electric-'motor armature, for example, to be tested.v and balanced, is supported,

' mittin The right-hand conical center 34 forms the left-hand end part of .a shaft 35 (Figure 3) hollow for a portion of its length by reason of a concentric, cylindrical cavity '36, the opposite walls of which have re istering lengt iwise slots 37 37 extended therethrough. At its right-hand end this shaft is supported and revoluble in a ball-bearing 38, the inner and outer races 39 andl 40, respectively, of which are suitablycurved perthe left-hand part of the shaft to rock a out the center ofsuch bearin The inner raceway of such lbearing 1s held against a shoulder 41 of the shaftl bya. nut 42 screwed on to the `externally-threaded end portion of the shaft.

Such shaft has a drive-pulley 43 keyed thereto and at one side thereof is a nut 44 screwed on the shaft and holding the pulley. against a hardened thrust collar 45 fitted over the shaft and bearing on a ball-bearing- 46, comprising loose balls accommodated in an annular recess in the adjacent end of-a sleeve 47, which' at its other end has a similar ball-bearing 48 coacting with a like thrust-collar 49 pressing against a similar shoulder 50 of the shaft. vA dustguard 51protects the ball-bearing 38 in the manner clearly illustrated.

Sleeve 47 is free `to 4turn on the shaft, but isA forced or compelled to .rotate with the shaft by reason of a round plug 52 (Figures 1, 9 and 10) fitting the interior of the shaft and having a pair of diametricall-opposite pins 53, 53 which, extend out t rough the shaft slots 37, 37 into two spiral or helical grooves 54, 54 (Figure 3) in the sleeve of about one and one-quarter turns each. 'If, therefore, the collar` 52 is caused to slide lengthwise in the shaft during their-joint revolution, the sleeve will be tui'ned angularly about the shaft on which it is mounted. To effect such adjustment travel of theplug, it is rotatably mounted on the reduced round end of a rack 55, being held on such bearing by a nut 56. Rack 55 does not rotate, .but is mounted Vto slide coaxially with the shaft in a portion 57 (Fi ure 3) of the casting 31, being prevented rom turning by a stationary pin 58 extending into a longitudinal groove 59 in the rack, the teeth on the lower edge of the latter being in mesh with those of a pinion 60 operable by any accessible handle or turning wheel 61 (Figures 1 and 2).

By manipulating the handle, thereby shifting the otherwise stationary rac lengthwise and xn'oving its rotating plug.` longitudir'ially in the revolving shaft, the

sleeve 47, rotatin with the shaft by reason" of the pins whic lock them together, can

be adjusted angularly during its' rotation.

about the shaft to change the angular position of the twoweights used to overcome (Figures 3 and 6) or neutralize the unbalance of the `tested .body without changing theangular rela- 'means of screws 64, are 'mounted on the 1nner,.opposed facesof two, spaced, d1sc` members 6,5 and 66 having mating flanges or' circular rims 67 and 68,. respectively. Theseyelements 62 and 63`are of exactly the same weight, are located in the same plane transverse to the shaft,- and are' normally `180 degrees apart, as shown in Figure 3,

whereby they are in 'exact static and dynamic or running balance. Mechanism is provided, however, for shifting Athese weight members angularly relatively to one` another. the effect being as' though a single unbalanced weight hadbeen added to 'the shaft at a point midway between'-the two weights and of an amount dependent upon the -extent of movement of such weights. By mechanism about to be described, this can be accomplished as thtfweights are revolving with the shaft. so that by such means a weight, adjustable as to amount, may, in effect,`he mounted on the sliat without stopping the rotation of the latter.

It is also desirable or necessary to vary the angular position of such resultant Wei ht on the shaft and .this is accomplis led -by simultaneously revolving or turning both weights about the axis of the shaftwhile the latter is 'rotating Without disturbing their relation to .one another.' Suitable mechanism is also provided to permit this result as detailed' below.

The mating or registering flanges or rims 67 and 68 of the two members-65 and 66 are externally graduated at 69 and 70, respectively, (Figures 1 and 11), and bear legends disposed 18() degrees apart regard.- ing adding orsubtractin the weights, and it should be noted that tie graduations 69 on the elements are twice as line as those on the other or companion element 66 for a purpose hereinafter indicated.

Disc or member 66 (Figure 3) is iixedly mounted on an in'uer elongated sleeve 71 on the shaft 35 and bears on a ball-bearing 72 on the shaft, the inner race of which 1s held between a shoulder 73 .on the shaft and a' spacing-sleeve l74 surrounding the shaft.

The companion disc 65 is ixedly mounted on an outer sleeve 75 surrounding `the inner` sleeve and co-operates` with a ballbearing 76 on the hub of element 66, and

held in place by a collar 77 bearingagainst the member 65 and bearing 72 by a collar 80 surrounding the spacing sleeve 74\and screwed into the hub-portion of element 66.'

To automatically take up the slack `or loose motion in theoperating meansl for -these two weights' 62 and 63, the discs 65 and 66 are supplied with a pairof ,oppositely-disposed, balanced, bent springs .81 (Figure 6) leach with two. loop ends,v one of each of which is secured to one disc by a pin 82, the other loop being fastened to "the companion disc by a pino 83.

When ,the two Weights 62 and 63 arc directly opposite one another, they actas though nov weight were present because they are exactly balanced. `In orde'rftherefore, to cause them to produce a resultant, unbalanced weight as specified, they are made capable of simultaneous and equal movements in opposite directions, whereby the resultant weight is always midway between them and varies in amount depending upon 'ina the extent of movement of such bodies.

This angular adjustment of the weights toward and from one another is effected through their respecti'vesupporting sleeves 71 and 75, and, accordingly, it is necessary to provide some means for turning these-inopposite directions. without interfering with their rotation. with the shaft. Conformably the sleeves are provided with opposite spiral slots 84 and 85 (two opposite-'ones in each sleeve) extending around about onesixth of the circumference of the correspond'- ing sleeve, and positioned in suchslots are rollers 86 and 87 on diametrically-opposite, inwardly-extended' pins 88, 88 mountedv in a sleeve 89 splined and longitudinallyslid-` able on sleeve 47 and which consequently revolves with andat the same speed as the main-shaft 35. Encirclingjapart of sleeve 89 is another sleeve or collarl 90having an" externally-threaded hub slidable lengthwise on and splined on a cylindrical barrel portion 92 of an externally-threaded member 93 Htted over the sleeve 47 and held against turning by a threaded stud 94 supported by the casting 31. The screwthreads of the elements 91 and 93 are ofopposite pitch and coacting with them is a knurled-nut 95. Internally element has a doubled-ended ball race 96 with two ball-thrust bearings 97 and 98 co-operating respectively with a'shoulder n .the hand manipulating the nut.

ing ofthe supporting sleeves shifts the -two weights equally and simultaneously in o posite directions asis required, to testZ e balanceoia neutralize the imbalance of, the body being tested. Thevibrationof the unbalanced shaft and body can be felt through The? inner or left-hand end4 f shaft-.S35 1s supported byoa peculiar and novel pendulum-construction comprising "a cup-shapedbase 101 (Figures 3 and 5) mounted'on-or forming part 'of castingl. Within. this is secured a block 102 having a curvedAtop face forming al part 'of a cylindrical surface. Mounted to oscillate on s uch block is a rock- Aplate 103 having a curved .bottom face resting on the curved surface'of block 102 and of a partial cylindrical curvature' of a less radius than the co-'actin'g face of block-102.

To assure a purely rocking or rolling movement of part 103 on element' 102 without possibilitylof slippage or lateral bodily movement, the under element yis .supplied with a central single tooth 104 projecting into a properly-shaped cavity or recess 105 in the .bottom face of member 103.. This may be likened to a one-tooth internal. and external gear and the curvature isv the pitch line. l Y

Mounted on plate 103 is an upright standard 106hav'ing at it lower end a depending skirt or apron '107 extending into the cavity of member .101, the latter being partially filled with oil 108 to a `Ilevel above the lowerr end of such skirt, thereby providing a dust-seal preventingthe entrance ofdirt or foreign matter to the companion rolling or rocking plates. l

-The upper portion of such standard is fitted with a ball-bearing .-109 which supports the shaft 35 and the vibrations of the shaft and standard are limited as to\.extent by a plurality of adjustable rubber-'bumpers 110, 111, 112 mounted on the inner ends'of screws 113, 114 and 115 extended through lll lil?.

lla

the walls of a suitably-mounted yoke or i arched member 116"on casting-31. Screw l and its buffer 112 are hollow to accommodate a rod 117 'threaded into the 'standfard 106 opposite the axis of the shaft and terminating flush with the'outer end or external face ofthe screw, whereby by placing an indicator or the thumb or finger on both atv the same time the slightest' and most f minute vibration or mov ement of the standard and shaft may bereadily detected.

Shaft 118 of the body being tested is. supi ported on the rigllt-hand'f center l 34, and shaft 35 adjacentto suchicenter is provided with a member.- 119 (Figure 3) -haying diametrically opposite vrecesses 120 'therethrough fora air of oppositely-dis sed,

conical-ended; s idable plungers 121'v orced' outwardly by springs 122', 1122jbea-ring against a back. p ate .123., These plungers constitute drivers for the armature and its shaft and roject slightly into holes 124 in a dog or rive member 125 having a split, tapered, threaded hub 126 held fast to the .rmature-shaft by a nut 127. Center 34 is merely a supporting member, whereas centers 121 are driving or revolving elements automatically forced ont by their springs 'to compensate forany discrepancies 1n the adjustment of the member 125 on the shaft 118.

The opposite or left-hand end of the machine is exactly the same as that described, except that it has no drive-pulle 43, the driven armature shaft 118 revo ving the left-hand shaft 35 and its adjustable balancing weights instead of vice versa, one driving pnl ey being suilic1ent for the whole machine as will be readily understood.

Each of the two vibratory or pendulum standards 106 at the two ends of the machine has extended through and swiveled to it at 134 (Figure 5) a screw-threaded adjustable rod 135 which projects forwardly through :in aperture in the member 116. This swivel mounting is desirably constructed by rochingly mounting a nut 136 on oppositely extended pins 134 supported by the standard 106 and screwing the rod through such nut the desired distance. v

' The forward ends of these two adjustable rods 135,. 135 spaced apart av considerable distance as illustrated, bear against the rear edge of a flat bar 137 (Figures 1 and 7) parallel to the armaturelshaft 118, yieldingly;

mounted for sidewise play in two bearings 138, 138 on brackets 139, 139 rising from the front portion of the machine and adjustably held in place by securing screws 140, 140. Each bearing has two short opposed coil-springs 141, 142 pressing against the opposite front and rear edges of the bar 137, their action on the latter being capable of regulation or adjustment by turning a screwg143 against whose end one of the s rings bears. These springs are so adjusted tliat the vibration of the .bardvill be in step with the natural vibration of the pendulumstructures. The more compression imposed on the springs the faster the period of vibration of the bar will be.

A cylindrical rod 144 (Figures 1 and 2) lis iixed in'one adjustable bearing 145 and slidable in an valigned stationary bearing 146, and adjustable lengthwise on this shaft and capable of being held in any desired position by a set-screw 147 is a support 148 carrying a movable indicator 149 actuated bv a rearwardly-extendedxrod 15() (Fi ure 1) bearing on the front edge of the flat ar 137 (Figure 7 Part 148 also has anupstanding lu equipped with an index or arrow I 151 (Figure 2) adjacent to and coacting-with a transvcrsel -inclined horizontal scale-bar 152 graduate equally in opposite directions from a central zero point 153. l Such scalebar is mounted on a shaft 154 adjustably slidable in bearing3 155 of the brackets`139.

.Also fixed in a aring 156 (Figure 1) of the left-hand bracket and slidable in a' ne istering bearing 157 of the companion brac et is a supporting-shaft 161 carr ing two blocks 158 and 159 adjustably slida le there` on and capable of being held in adjusted position by their set-screws 160. Each of thesctwo members 158 and 159 has a sharpended pointer rodr 162 and163, respectively, on a level with the axis ofthe tested body, slidingly mounted therein toward and from such body, each of the rods having a ball or knob head 164 by which it may be readily manipulated. The two elements have extensions 165 and 166 provided with arrows or indices 167 and 168, respectively, co-operating with the scale-bar.

At the right-hand'portion of the machine a stationary lpointer 169 (Figure 1) in register with the plane of centers of the weights 62 and 63 coacts with the scale-bar 152, and at the opposite end of the machine a complementary pointer 170 similarly in register with thc plane of centers of the corresponding pair of weights is mounted on the slide 33 so as to also cooperate with the .same scale-bar.

The driving mechanism for the pulley A43-- keyed thereto which is belte to a constant-` speed electric-motor (not shown), the other end of the sleeve having a friction-clutch disc 185. A companion friction-clutch disc 186 has a hub 187 s lined on but slidable lengthwise on the sha t and pressing against such hub is one end of a coiled spring 188 surrounding the shaft, the other end bearing against the head of a slottedsleeve 189 having a circularly grooved part 190 engaging which are pins 191 of a yoke 192 fulcrumed at 193'and having a lock or catch adapted to engage any one of a series of notches in a stationary toothed sector 194 fitted with a stop or abutment 195 to limit the extent of movement of lever 192.

Such sleeve 189 may be adjusted lengthwise the shaft to vary the pressure of the spring on the clutch-disc 186. A collar 196 surrounds sleeve 189 and is fixed to the shaft bv a transverse pin 197 which extends out through the slots of the sleeve hence not intererlng with the lengthwise movement of 'the latter on the shaft. To opposite ears of such collar arms 198 carrying weights 199I to the pulley 43 of shaft 35 and by is readily disamina parativelyA short because of thel desirable i '35 andffrom that to the body 36 pression has been removed from the spring,

l. lows i Assn this means the electric-motor rotates the of both balancing mechanisms as well as the body to be tested as will `be readily underbody undergoing test. Assuming also that the two weights 62, 63 of each of the two sets By shifting the position of lever 192 and are-'directly opposite one another and hence thus modifying the action of spring 188 on balanced, the zero graduations of their two the slidable clutch-member, the speed of scales 69 and 70 at each end of the machine shaft 182 may be modified. The st op v195 is will be in register indicating no effective' employed in such aposition that thespeed-of weight in action. rotation of shaft 182 will be that which is l/Vhile the tested body is being rotated at proper to rotate theshaft 118'and the tested a relatively low speed, as determined by the armature 36 ata s eed `in synchronisrn with the natural perio of vibration of the two free to wabble independently of one another pendulum-structures, whereby the 'unbalbecause supported on separate pendulumancedwei'ght or weights of the armature is structures,- the operator shifts the element employedk to produce a cumulative oscilla- 148 along its supportingshaft until its vitory effect on the pendulum-structures which bration-indicator -1419 shows that the oint Vof least vibration has been reached, w ere- This mechanism comprises a spring-loaded governor, wherein the greater the compression ofthe spring the higher the speed of position. rotation of the shaft. When all of thecom- Then the nut 95 at one end of the machine is turned to swing the corresponding weights at the Speed of 'the 62 and 63 toward one Janother thereby unbalmotor but there -will be no turningeifect on ancing them and adding an effective un; the balancing machine proper.l balanced weight to the shaft. Handle 61 is In this connection it may be noted that` also turned to swing such effective weight the natural period of vibration .of veither .about the axis of the shaft to bring it to a one of these .pendulum-structures'will be `the position to Abalance at least in part the' unsame as that ofa common suspended pendus balanced weight of the corresponding end lum of a length-equal tothe" difference be- 'of the body undergoing test. These weights tweeny the radius of thetop curved surface at both ends of the machine are thus ma ofthemember 102 andthe shorter radius of nipulated both as to amount and position, the bottoni curved face of the element-,103. and the speed of rotation increased from In an appliance of this kind the Aeective -t'mcieto time untilthe unha-lance of the body length. of sucha pendulumlstructure is com.- -1s completely neutralized or overcome. Whether or notV such accurate or complete balance has been secured may be ascertained by placing the thumb/or finger on lthe ends of the pins 117 and their adjacent or surroundin nuts and by thus-investigating ment from one extreme position to the other, the con itionsof the pendulums a ver acof approximately'one second and 'the body curate determination 1of the status o the undergoing test would have to revolve t 'rty' body may be had. If the endulums do not times perminut'e to synchronize with sucl a rock, they body 1s` perfect y balanced. )The period of vibration -of such a pendulum, but' final test speed of rotation of the body is in most` bodies' must vbe d namica'lly balanced synchronism' with the natural period of viat1a"much`higher spee say two .thousand bration of the pendulumsywhen the handle lrevolutions per minute. It would be some- 192 is. against sto what difficult toconstruct an effective. susweight or weights o the tested body followpended pendulum Aoaf-such a shortflength to` ing up themovements of the pendulum or the Weights will revolve high speed of rotation of the body undergoing-test, for example; x

A pendulum one metre long would have a time, .of vibration, that isthe time of move-4 correspondto such?, ai high speed of rotation` 'penduluus'in both directions and gradually' 'and accordinglythe new type of pendulummultiplying such movements whereby a,

structure was devised. slight unbalance of the body maybe easily The oper tion-ofthe appliance is as fol?.

idling that thel bodyto be'tested'. act for some tingle on the pendulum and and balanced issu rted by its shaft on fits effect on the atter becomes cumulative the centers 34' and t atthe parts 125 have and easily ascertained. been adjusted properly to the driving cen- Assuming'ff'that the body has been thus ters 'or points 121, it will be apparent' th t 'accurately balanced, and handle .192 is then the rotationbf the' constantespeed electricmoved back to oi position thereby stopping motor (not shown) listransmitted to shaft vthe machine, scale-bar 152 is shifted orslid to be tested to bring. its

zero graduation into register and fromth'e latter'to' lthe shaft atthe other with the index 151. Then pointer 169 will end of. the machine.'- Thus one driving tindicate o n such scale the distance'of thel means only is needed to secure the rotation right-handefective weight, composed of the upon the set-screw 147 is tightened, thus locking the memberl 148 in such adjusted A e5 positionof lever 192, and with its two ends log.

195, the Iunbalanced magniiedand detected by permitting it to iantwo weights 62 and 63, from the center of the body about which its unbalanced weights tend to turn.

The `zero index of scale 69 of the righthand weights shows on scale 70 of the companion bodythe amount of such resultant weight which by the appliance has been imposed on the right-hand end of the body to balance such end, and the position of the same numerical reading on scale 69, which will be half-way between the zero of scale 69 and the numerical reading of such zero graduation on scale 70, will indicate the plane in which such weight must be added to or subtracted from the body to maintain such balance effect. *,As to whether the weight is to be added to or subtracted from the body depends upon which of the two parts of the scale, 180 degrees apart, is read. weight should be added to and with others taken olf of the body depending upon circumstances.

Pointer163 is now slid along on its supporting shaft 164 until its shar end 1s opposite an appropriate lace on tie armature 136 or other tested bo y for the application of or removal of such an amount of wei ht as will produce the proper balance. y means of mathematics or of a previously prepared chart, the amount of sch unknown weight X is easily-ascertained, taking into account the amount of weight indicated by the scales 69 and 70 and the distance on such scale by the indeX,or arrow.

Having thusfascertamed this weight and its linear andl angular position, another un known weight Y of an amount to put the armature in static balance, assuming that the weight X has been properly added to or removed from the armature, is calculated byA taking into accountthe two effective test weights at the two ends of the machineand the weight X, and, having been established, the distance it should be from the graduation 153 is determined to correspond to and perform the function of the equivalent weight registered by the scales 69 and 70 at the lefthand end of the machine. The pointer- 162 Vis then set at suclrdistance, as displayed by index 167 on scale 152, and the'body marked in the plane indicated by the scales 69 and 70 for the additionv or subtraction of such weight.

After the two weights X and Y have been added to the body or subtracted therefrom at the points indicated by the ointers 162 and 163, taking into account, o course, the proper planes for such addition or subtraction as indicated by the two setsfiofl scales 69 and 70, the armature will be in staticy and also in dynamic'balance.

It is,'of course, neceary to providesuitable means for advancing and retracting the slide 33 to facilitate the introduction of the With some bodies the correcting` Leemans work in the machine and to enable it to accommodate the bodies to be tested of different u the bearing 203 and at its other end against a shoulder of the shaft at the beginning of the screw-threaded portion. Additionally,

the appliance includes a worm-gear 207 on a;

shaft 208 revoluble in one or more appropriately-supported bearings, the shaft being equipped with an accesible handle 210, and with oneor more eccentrics 211 to operate a corresponding number of clamps 212 coacting with the same.

When it is desired to slide the member 33 and its. associated parts to hold the body to be tested, the handle 210 is turned thus causing the slide 83 to travel b reason of the action of the gear 207 with t 1e thread of the shaft with which it is constantly in mesh. \When the parts have been brought to proper position further turning of the handle locks `the slide to the frame by the one or more eccentric clamps. The screw-shaft may shift longitudinally slightly during this clamping action against the pressure of spring 206. Thus the slide may be shifted back and forth by the lever which also operates the clamps.

Although only one embodiment of the invention has been presented in this application and accompanying drawings, it is to be understoodthat it is susceptible of a -variety of embodiments and that many minor mechanical changes may be made in the structure depicted without departure from the substance and essence of the invention and Without the sacrifice of any of its substantial benefits and advantages. balancing of some'bodies the double-ended structure of the kind shown and described is not esential and in such cases only one 'of For the the balancing appliances, such as is employed at either end of the present devicermay be used with satisfactory results.

I claim:

1. A balancing .testing machine of theV character described including -in combination an inverted pendulum-structure havingy a certain unreslsted rocking movement, means to rotatably mount thebody to be tested on said pendulum-structure, and means to rotate said body synchronously" with the natural period of oscillation oft said pendulum-structure.

2. A balancing testing machine of thet character described including :in combination an inverted pendulum-structure having p a certain unresisted rocking movement, means to rotatably support the body to be tested at least in part on said pendulum-r structure, and means to rotate said body synchronously with th natural period of oscillation of said pen ulum-st-ructure.

3. A balance testing machine of the character descrilfed including in combination, -a plurality of independent inverted pendulum-structures each having a certain unresisted rocking movement, means to rotatably support the body to be tested on said pendulum-structures, and means to rotate said body synchronously with the natural period of oscillation of said pendulumstructures.

4. In a balancing-machine of the character described, the combination of an inverted pendullun-structure, means to revolve an unbalanced body, means to oscillate said pendulum-structure by the vibrations of said unbalanced body, an Vadjustable counter` weight, and means to subject said body to the action of said counterweight While the machine is running, substantially as described.

5. In a balancing-machine of the cli. :aeter described, the combination of an inverted `pendulum-structure having a natural period of oscillation due to the action of gravity and adapted to support an unbalanced body at least in part, means to rotate said unbalanced body, a counterweight, and means to subject'said body to the action of the counteriveight While the machine is running, substantially as described.

6. In a balancing-machine of the character described, the combination of a plurality of inverted pendulum-structures having a natural period of oscillation due to the actionof gravity and ada ted to conjointly support an unbalanced bo y at least in part,

means to rotate. said unbalanced body, a counterweight, 'and means to subject .said body to the action of said counterweight While the machine isrunning, substantially as` described. f

7. lIn a balancing-machine of the character described, the combination of a pendulum-structure comprising a base-block with a concave upper/surface, and a rocking- -block with a convex lower' surface ofditferent curvature resting on and adapted to rock on the curved surface 'of said4 base-block, means to rotate an unbalanced body, `and means tending to oscillate saidrocking block by impulses imparted thereto by said rotating body, substantially asdescribed.

8. In abalancing-machine of the character described, the combination of a pendu-l lum-structure comprising a base-block with a concave upper surface, and a rocking-block with a concave, lower surface -of different curvature resting on and adaptedy to rock on the vcurved surface' of said base-block, means to rotate a'n unbalanced body syn-- chronously with the natuital period of lvibration of 'said rocking-blocknd means to im-f pose the vibrations of said unbalanced ro-A 9. In a balancing-machine of the charac'- ,ter described, the combination of a penduluin-structl-ire comprising a base-block`-with a concave upper surface. and a rockingblock- With a convex lower surface of ydifferent curvaturev resting 'on and adapted to rock on the curved surface of said base-block, means to'rotate an unbalanced body supported at least in part by said rmzking-block. and means to balance said body, substantially as described.

' 10. In'a balancing-machine of the character described, the combination of a pendulum-structure comprising a base-block with a concave upper surface, and a rocking-block with a convex lower surface of diiferent curvature resting on and .adapted to rock on the curved surface of said base-block, means to rotate an unbalanced body supported at least in part by said rocking-block synchronously with the natural period of vibration of said rocking-block, and adjustable means to neutralize the imbalance of said body, substantially as described.

ll. In a balancing-machine of the cliaracsynchronously with the natural period ofl vibration of said rocking-blocks, and 'means to neutralize the unbalance of said body,Y

substantially as described.l

ico

12. In a balancing-machine of the charac- Y ter. described, the combination of a shaft adapted to support the body to be tested at Y least in part, abearing for said shaft permitting rocking thereof in the bearing, a'-

pendulum structure, a .bearing for said shaft on said pendulum structure, and means to rotate said shaft, substantially as described.'

13.' In a, balancing machine ofthe charac- `tier described. the combination `of a shaft adapted to rotate the body to be tested, a'

bearing for saidv shaftpermitting rocking theixeof inthe bearing, apendulum-structure, f

a bearing,r for said' shaft on said pendulumstructure, and means 'to rotate said shaft at a speed corresponding to the natural period of vibration of said pendulum-structure, substantially as described.'`

14. In abalancmg-inachine ofl the character described, 'the..c`ombination1 of a shaft` least in part, a- `rockable bearing for said adapted `to support the body to be -tested at shaft," a pendulum-structure comprising a base-block with a curved surface and a rocking-block with av curved surface of different curvature resting on and adapted to 'rock on,

the curved surface of said base-block, a bearing for said shaft .on said rocking-block, means to rotate said shaft atal speed corresponding to the' natural riod of vibration of lsaid rocking-block,an means to neutralize theunbalanceof said body, Asubstantially as described. l f

15. In a balancing-machine of the character described, the combination of a shaft adapted to support the body to be tested at least in part, a rcckable bearing for said shaft, a pendulux11-structure, a bearing for .-aid shafton said,pendulum-structure, means to rotate said shaft, and means to im ose an adjustable unbalanced Weight on sai shaft, substantially as described.

16. lIn a balancing-machine of the character described, the combination' of av shaftA adapted to support ythe unbalanced body 4to be tested at least in part, a rockable bearing for said shaft, a pendulum-structure, a bearing for said shaft on said pendulum structure, means to rotate said shaft at a speed corresponding to the natural period of v1- bration of said pendulum' structure, and means to impose and vary the amount of an unbalanced weight on said shaft, substantially as described. A

17. In a balancing-machined the charac-` ter describd, the combinationof a shaft adapted to support at least m part the unbalanced body to be tested, a rockable bearing for saidV shaft, a pendulum-structure,` a bearing for saidv shaft on said pendulumstructure, means to rotate said. shaft and body to be tested, and means to 1m ose and vary the amount of an unbalanee Welght on said shaft during the rotation of the latter, substantially as described.

18. In a balancing-machine of the character described, vthe combination of a shaft ada ted to support at least in 'part the body to shaft, a pendulum-structure," a bearing for said shaft on said pendulum-structure,"

means to rotate said shaft, means to impose and'vary the amount of an unbalanced test weight on said shaft, and meansV to indicate the variable amount of such weight on said shaft, substantially as descr-i 19.-V In` a balancing-machine of the charac-` terdescrilged, the combination of -aishaft adapted to support at least i'n part the un- -balancedbo y to be tested, a rockable bearing for sai shaft; fa. pendulum-structure, a bearing Vfor said shaft onl said pendulumf structure, means toI'iotate said' shaft, means to impose and vary the amount of an unbalanced test weight on said shaft, and meansto indicate the angular vplane ofV said' test weight, substantially as described;

' 20. In a balancing-machine of the character described, the combination of. a shaft e tested, a lrockable bearing for said `Weight, substantially as described.

2l. In a balancing-machine of the character4 described, the combination of a shaft adapted to support at least in part an unbalanced body to be tested, a rockable bearing for Said shaft, a iendulum-structure,- a bearing for said shaft on said pendulumstructure, means to rotate said shaft, a pair of normally-balanced test weights on said shaft, means to move said Weights angularly relatively to one another to impose and vary a resultant unbalanced weight onsai'd shaft, substantially asv described.'

22. In a balanclrig-machine of the charac. terdescribed, -the combination of a shaft adapted to support at least in part the unbalanced body to be tested, a rockable bear- Ving for said shaft, a pendulum-structure, a bearing for said shaft on said pendulumstructure, means-to rotate said shaft, a pair of normally-balanced test weights o'n said shaft, means to move said Weig ts angularly `relatively to one another about the axis of the, shaft yto impose andvary the amount of `the resultant weight on said shaft, means to move said Weights angularly about the axis of said shaft without disturbing their relation to one another, and indicator means associated with said Weights, substantially as described.

23. In a balancing-machine of the character described, the combination of a shaft adapted to support at least in, part the unbalanced body to be tested, a rockable bearing for'said shaft, a pendulum-structure, a

bearing for said shaft on said 'pendulumstructure, means to rotate said shaft at a speed, correspondin to the natural period of vibratioii of pendulum-structure, a pai` of normally-'balanced test ,Weights on (said shaft", vmeans to moveaid weights angularly relativeb to one another about the 'axis of the sha t to impose fand vary the amount of the resultant weight on said shaft, means to move said weights angularlyabout Vthe axis of the shaft without disturbing their-relation to one another, and means 't indicatethe amount and angular position ofA the resultant unbalanced test Weight, 'sub-- stantially as described.-

a balance testingmachine ofthe character described, the combination of a shaft 'adapted tok support 'the body to be tested at least in part, a pendulum-struc- 'character described, the combination of a shaft adapted to support the body to be tested at least iu part, a peiidulinn-structure,

l abcaring' for said shaft on said pendulumstructure, iiiean'i` to rotate said shaft and body at a speed corresponding` to the natural period of vibration ot' said pendulum structure', a variable, test Weight, means associating said weight with said shaft, and means to adjust said weight angularly about the axis of the shaft'duriircr the rotation 'of the latter.

26. In a balancing-machine of the charactei'ldescribed, the combination of a shaft adapted to support at least in part and to rotate the unbalancedbody to -be tested, a

pendulum-structui, e, a bearing for said shaft on said pendullun-structure, means t-o rov pendulum-structures, means to support the i` tate said shaft atl a speed corresponding to the natural period of vibration of the pendulum-structure, means to impose and vary the amount and position of an unbalanced test Weight on said shaft, and means to indicate the amount and `position of such test Weight,

Vsubstantially as described.

27. In a balancing-machine of the character described, the combination of a pair of pendulum-structures, means to sup ort-tlie opposite ends of an unbalanced bo y to be tested on said structures, means to rotate said body, and test Weights'adjustable during the rotation of thebody to neutralize the unbalance of-said body during-its rotation, sub- .stantially as described.

28. In a'balancing-machine of the character described, the combination of a pair of opposite ends of an unbalanced body to be tested on said structures, means to rotate 'said body at a speed corresponding to the natural period of vibration of4 said pendulum-structures, and test Weights' adjustable during the rotation of the body to neutralize the unbalance of said body during its rotation, substantially as described.

29. In a balancing-machine of the charactei described, the combination of a pendu-- lum-structure, a .shaft associated with said structure and adapted to transmit its transverseyibrations thereto, means to revolve said shaft, a pair of equal test Weights mounted on said shaft, and means to adjust both of said weights simultaneously and equally toward and from one another an ularly about said shaft, substantially 'as escri ed,

30. In a balancing-machine of the character described, the combination of a penduliuiistructui'e,fa shaft associated with said structure and adapted to transmit its transvei-se vibrations thereto, means to revolve said shaft, a pair of lequal test weights mounted on said shaft, means to adjust both of said Weights simultaneously and equally toward and from one another angularly about said shaft, and means to adjust both of said Weights angularly about said shaft without disturbing their relation to one another, substantially as described.

31. In a balancing-machine of the character described, the combination of a pendulumstructure, a shaft associated With said during the rotation of said shaft, and means to adjust both of said Weights angulai'ly about said shaft. without disturbing their relation to one another, substantially as de.- scribed.

32. In a balancing-machine, the combina` tion of a shaft, means to revolve said shaft, test Weights mounted on said shaft, means to adjust said Weights relatively to one another, and means to automatically take up the loose motion between. said weights, substantially as described.

33. In a balancing-machine, the combination of a shaft, means to revolve said shaft, test AWeights mounted on said shaft, means to adjust .said Weights relatively to one another around said shaft, and balanced sprinl means to automatically take up the loose motion between said Weights, substantially as described.

34. In a balancing-machine, the combination of two normally coaxial shafts spaced apart and adapted to support the body to be tested between them, pendulum mountings for said 'shafts permitting the latter to vibrate transversely, means `to revolve said shafts and bod and means on said shafts to neutralize t e unbalance of said body, substantially asy described. I

35. In a balancing-machine, the combination of spaced mountings for supporting the opposite ends of the unbalanced body to be tion of spaced pendulum mountings for -bar and adapted to determine its points of least vibration, substantially as described.

37. In a balancing-machine, the combina- -tion of a pair of generally-coaxial shafts space apart adapted to support the unbalsneed body to be tested between them, pendulum mount-ings for said shafts permitting their transverse vibration, means to revolve said shafts and body, adjustable testfweight means on each shaft, a vibratory-bar, means to transmit -the vibrations of said shafts thereto, means adjustable along said bar adapted to determine its point of least vibration, an index associated with said adjustable means, indices associate with said testweight means, and a graduated scale cooperating with said three indices, substantially as described.'

38. In a balancing-machine, the combination of a'pair of generally-coaxial4 shafts s aced apart adapted to su port between tlem theunbalanced body to lbe tested,.pen dulum mountings for said shafts permitting their transverse vibration, means to revolve said shafts and body, adjustable test-weight means on each shaft, a vibratory-bar, means to transmit the vibrations offsaid shafts tion ,of ,a pair of generally-coaxial shafts tspaced apart adapted to suport between em the unbalanced tested, peninsertarsey dulum mountings for said shaftspermitting their transverse vibration, means to revolve said shafts and body, adjustable test-weight means on each shaft, a vibratorfy-bar, means 40. In a balancing-machine, vthe combina j tion of a pair of generally-coaxial shafts s aced apart adapted to surport between t em the unbalanced body to tested, pendulum mounting'sl forv said shafts permit'- ting their transverse vibration, means to revolvesaid shafts and body, adjustable testweight means oneach shaft, a vibratoryba'r, means to transmit the vibrations of said shafts thereto, means adjustable along said bar adapted tb determine'its point of least vibration, an index associated with said adjustable` means, indices associated with said test-weight means, a scale coo eratin with and adjustable relatively to sai three mdices and graduated in opposite directions from an intermediate point,` a -pair of ad'ustable pointers, and an index on each of sai pointers coacting with saidrscale', substantially as described.

, 41. In a balancing-machine of the character described, the combination of means to support the body to be tested with its ends capable of independent vibration, means'to rotate said body, ad'ustable weights to independently neutra ize the tendenc to vibration of the opposite ends of the dy, means adjustable len hwise the body to ascertain its point o least vibration, and means to indicate the distances between said yleast vibration point and said weights, sub,

stantially as described. j

GUsTAvE T. JOHNSON. 

